托福閱讀時,我們可以根據段落中出現的一些信號詞(Signal Words)來判斷句子與句子之間的關系,掌握段落發展線索,來調整閱讀速度,提高閱讀質量。下面,我們就來看一下托福閱讀段中經常遇到的信號詞。
1.顯示相同信息的信號詞:
There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.“likewise”這一信號詞顯示了前面所提到的idea后面還要再一次出現。因此,閱讀時見到這樣的信號詞無須放慢閱讀速度。這樣的信號詞還包括:and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
2.顯示思路轉折的信號詞:
I’d like to go but I’m too busy.
“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述,它向讀者顯示了作者的思路在這里有了轉折。閱讀時,碰到這樣的信號詞我們需放慢閱讀速度,以準確獲取作者真正想要說明的意思。這類信號詞還有:
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet
3.顯示因果關系的信號詞:
As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots’ strike.
所有航班被取消的原因是因為飛行員們的罷工;飛行員們的罷工導致了所有的航班不得不被取消。顯示因果關系的信號詞還有:for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently
新托福口語考試中的閱讀材料是一個百十來字的段落,閱讀時我們不應把每個句子都孤立開來,而是要把所有的句子連成一個整體,通過準確把握句子與句子之間的邏輯關系來挖掘托福閱讀段的主題。預祝大家都能取得好成績!
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